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一、Overview:
To enhance octane gasoline, improving automobile fuel antiknock properties, usually introduced in antiknock additive, such as organic metal complex an alkyl lead, and TEL Lead-based payment today is the most popular so far, the largest number of gasoline antiknock agent in the oil industry and the automobile industry have played a huge role, but with the development of technology, Central Habitat protection of the attention, tetraethyl lead the highly toxic, and automobile exhaust emissions caused by environmental pollution is serious threat to human health.In densely populated cities. More pollution, and therefore countries are already drawing up policies and regulations in order to protect human survival environment and achieve unleaded gasoline is currently States an important environmental protection One of the new gasoline standards, a requirement for unleaded gasoline closed. China in 1998, the State Council issued the "1998" document canceled 129 70 # gasoline production and The use, production above # 90 cars using unleaded petrol and set in 2000 out of lead in gasoline.
Thus the production of high-quality, high-grade cars using unleaded petrol refinery is the one of the urgent tasks. Seeking a new unleaded gasoline antiknock agent was imperative. In recent years, both in research new metal organic complexes (unleaded) to replace tetraethyl lead.Thus the production of high-quality, high-grade cars using unleaded petrol refinery is the one of the urgent tasks. Seeking a new unleaded gasoline antiknock agent was imperative.
In recent years, both in research new metal organic complexes (unleaded) to replace tetraethyl lead.Not only raise the octane reduce engine knock, but also to reduce fuel consumption, from
The increase economic efficiency, an increase of a gasoline octane units, fuel economy by 1.3%, raising the gasoline octane number three options :
1、The continuous improvement process to increase refining processing technology, the production of high-octane gasoline, such as the FCC; Adjusted operating conditions (temperature, dose-oil ratio, cutting points); Catalytic reforming, alkylation, such as heterogeneous processing technology program.
2、 Oil in the redeployment of high-octane fuel components, blending the best choice programs, such as redeployment isooctane, cumene, alkyl benzene, methyl tert-butyl ether, alcohol burning Materials.
3、Adding to gasoline antiknock the antiknock additive.
Using the first method, the new devices need to spend a lot of funds, manpower, materials and time; The second method used by the high price of raw materials, components and lead to significant cost increases Large; The third method was added to gasoline antiknock agent is to improve fuel antiknock sexual most effective and economical way. Particularly in the production of high-octane gasoline brands, alone Change processing technology and high-octane blending more difficult are generally used by adding an appropriate amount of ANTIKNOCKS solution. World refinery production of gasoline (individual special Except) are generally introduced in antiknock additive.
With tetraethyl lead to ban the use, development of both countries and the development of many of the metal and non-metallic ANTIKNOCKS in ANTIKNOCKS metal, iron and manganese agent. Rail antiknock Agent engine wear due to serious and may cause short-circuit and spark plug EFI car to the pump so that they compromised, and not applications. Like the United States, the European ban on unleaded petrol convinces Fuel additives used iron. Non-metallic ANTIKNOCKS as MTBE in recent years, despite widespread domestic use because it can not be fully burning carcinogens and will be limited so Used. Remaining as aromatics, such as amines, their properties, toxicity or price factors have failed to industrial application.
Manganese-based organic compound is present international replace tetraethyl lead, but more than tetraethyl lead more good ANTIKNOCKS new one. Manganese compounds have five manganese tricarbonyl [Mm (Co) 5] Cyclopentadiene manganese tricarbonyl A Cyclopentadiene and manganese tricarbonyl. Of these, the first two kinds of room temperature are solid, practical use of inconvenience, but because the use would result in precipitation Spark plug to plug need regular (10,000 km) by adding cleaning agents to clean spark plugs, which led to increased costs and the use of inconvenience. Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl better performance than the former two, and often Liquid temperature, suitable for application. I plant with the Chinese Academy of Sciences in tracking latest international technology, based on long-term, arduous and painstaking research, development, testing, successfully developed And produce methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl the good quality of new antiknock additive. |
